GNOME - FreeBSD 13.1 RELEASE - 環境構築

1.　概要

2.　インストール

3.　/etc/fstab 編集

4.　初期化ファイル作成

5.　/etc/rc.conf 編集

6.　再起動

7.　インストール時のメッセージ

1.　概要

　下記のデスクトップ環境を構築する手順を記述します。

　ここまでの時点で、システムインストールと「VirtualBox Guest Additions」の設定は終わっているものとします。
　それぞれのインストール・設定に関しては、

	「FreeBSD - デスクトップ環境構築 - 共通事項 - システムインストール」
	「FreeBSD - デスクトップ環境構築 - 共通事項 - VirtualBox Guest Additions」

　をご参照ください。

2.　インストール

　「root」ユーザで


pkg install -y xorg ja-font-migmix numlockx
pkg install -y gnome gnome-desktop gnome-menus


　下の行のインストール、早々に下記のメッセージが出力されます。


Number of packages to be installed: 441
The process will require 2 GiB more space.


　やはり「gnome」さんは、相当な大食漢でいらっしゃる。

　以前は、「gnome-menus」をインストールしていませんｄした。
　しかし、「gnome-menus」をインストールしていないと、「Arc Menu」も「Gno Menu」もせっかくブラウザによる拡張機能でインストールしてもエラーとなって有効化できませんでした。
　なので、「gnome-menus」は、必須でインストールしましょう。

　2020年11月4日に「FreeBSD 12.2 RELEASE」へインストールしたときが「gnome3-3.36」でした。
　2020年7月ころに「FreeBSD 11.4 RELEASE」へインストールしたときが「gnome3-3.28_2」でした。
　2021年6月11日に「FreeBSD 13.0 RELEASE」へインストールしたとき、2022年1月19日に「FreeBSD 12.3 RELEASE」へインストールしたときが「gnome3-3.36_4」でした。

　2022年5月27日に「FreeBSD 13.1 RELEASE」へインストールしたときが、下記のバージョンです。
　まぁ、「gnome3」ではなくなりましたからな。


$ pkg info gnome3
gnome-41
Name           : gnome
Version        : 41
Installed on   : Fri May 27 20:04:30 2022 JST
Origin         : x11/gnome
Architecture   : FreeBSD:13:*
Prefix         : /usr/local
Categories     : x11 gnome
Licenses       :
Maintainer     : gnome@FreeBSD.org
WWW            : https://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome/
Comment        : Metaport for the GNOME integrated X11 desktop
Options        :
        DOCS           : on
Annotations    :
        flavor         : full
        repo_type      : binary
        repository     : FreeBSD
Flat size      : 0.00B
Description    :
This metaport installs the entire GNOME 3 desktop, including
the user applications released with it.

WWW: https://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome/


　バージョンがぐっと変わりましたので、本ページの末尾にインストール時のメッセージを残しておきます。

3.　/etc/fstab　編集

　「GNOME」は、「/proc」ファイルシステムというのをマウントする必要があります。
　「root」ユーザ権限で。


sh
cat << 'EOF' >> /etc/fstab
proc            /proc           procfs  rw      0       0
EOF
exit


4.　初期化ファイル作成

　「root」ユーザ権限で。


sh
cat << 'EOF' >> /etc/profile
export LC_ALL="ja_JP.UTF-8"
export LANGUAGE="ja_JP.UTF-8"
export LANG="ja_JP.UTF-8"
EOF

cat << 'EOF' >> /etc/csh.cshrc
setenv LC_ALL   "ja_JP.UTF-8"
setenv LANGUAGE "ja_JP.UTF-8"
setenv LANG     "ja_JP.UTF-8"
EOF
exit


5.　/etc/rc.conf 編集

　デーモン群を起動するようにします。
　「root」ユーザ権限で。


sysrc dbus_enable=YES
sysrc gdm_enable=YES
sysrc avahi_daemon_enable=YES
sysrc avahi_dnsconfd_enable=YES


6.　再起動

　再起動します。
　「root」ユーザ権限で。


reboot


　再起動後、以下の画面が表示されれば基本的な設定は完了です。

　「FreeBSD 13.0 RELEASE」へインストールしたときは、いつもと違うログイン画面で、変な感じでしたが、元に戻りました。

7.　インストール時のメッセージ



Message from trousers-0.3.14_3:

--
To run tcsd automatically, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:

tcsd_enable="YES"

You might want to edit /usr/local/etc/tcsd.conf to reflect your setup.

If you want to use tcsd with software TPM emulator, use the following
configuration in /etc/rc.conf:

tcsd_enable="YES"
tcsd_mode="emulator"
tpmd_enable="YES"

To use TPM, add your_account to '_tss' group like following:

# pw groupmod _tss -m your_account
=====
Message from libxkbcommon-1.4.0_2:

--
If arrow keys don't work under X11 switch to legacy rules e.g.,

For sh/bash/ksh/zsh run and (optionally) add into ~/.profile:
  export XKB_DEFAULT_RULES=xorg

For csh/tcsh run and (optionally) add into ~/.login:
  setenv XKB_DEFAULT_RULES xorg
=====
Message from libsoup-2.74.0_3:

--
libsoup can use NTLM authentication if it is compiled
with the SMB option. To use it, you must install a
port that provides NTLM, like net/samba412 or net/samba413.
=====
Message from argp-standalone-1.3_4:

--
===>   NOTICE:

The argp-standalone port currently does not have a maintainer. As a result, it is
more likely to have unresolved issues, not be up-to-date, or even be removed in
the future. To volunteer to maintain this port, please create an issue at:

https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla

More information about port maintainership is available at:

https://docs.freebsd.org/en/articles/contributing/#ports-contributing
=====
Message from libjxl-0.6.1_5:

--
Additional packages recommended for new users:
- imlib2-jxl (e.g., feh, scrot)
- kf5-kimageformats (e.g., nomacs, flameshot, skanlite)
- gimp-jxl-plugin
=====
Message from cyrus-sasl-2.1.28:

--
You can use sasldb2 for authentication, to add users use:

        saslpasswd2 -c username

If you want to enable SMTP AUTH with the system Sendmail, read
Sendmail.README

NOTE: This port has been compiled with a default pwcheck_method of
      auxprop.  If you want to authenticate your user by /etc/passwd,
      PAM or LDAP, install ports/security/cyrus-sasl2-saslauthd and
      set sasl_pwcheck_method to saslauthd after installing the
      Cyrus-IMAPd 2.X port.  You should also check the
      /usr/local/lib/sasl2/*.conf files for the correct
      pwcheck_method.
      If you want to use GSSAPI mechanism, install
      ports/security/cyrus-sasl2-gssapi.
      If you want to use SRP mechanism, install
      ports/security/cyrus-sasl2-srp.
      If you want to use LDAP auxprop plugin, install
      ports/security/cyrus-sasl2-ldapdb.
=====
Message from pulseaudio-14.2_3:

--
Pulseaudio tries to determine default values for FreeBSD OSS driver at first
start, based on /dev/sndstat output. The hw.snd.default_unit sysctl may affect
these values, but restart of the Pulseaudio might be needed to rescan it again,
e.g. 'pacmd exit'.

Pulseaudio has separate input and output configure lines. You can change them
with using following commands:

To change the default sink (output):
# pacmd set-default-sink 3
To change the default source (input):
# pacmd set-default-source 3

This can also be set in /usr/local/etc/pulse/default.pa

Replace the number '3' with the new default you want to set.

The audio/freedesktop-sound-theme is needed if the default sound files
are uncommented in the /usr/local/etc/pulse/default.pa file.
=====
Message from libinotify-20211018:

--
You might want to consider increasing the kern.maxfiles tunable if you plan
to use this library for applications that need to monitor activity of a lot
of files.
=====
Message from openldap24-client-2.4.59_4:

--
The OpenLDAP client package has been successfully installed.

Edit
  /usr/local/etc/openldap/ldap.conf
to change the system-wide client defaults.

Try 'man ldap.conf' and visit the OpenLDAP FAQ-O-Matic at
  http://www.OpenLDAP.org/faq/index.cgi?file=3
for more information.
=====
Message from gamin-0.1.10_10:

--
Gamin will only provide realtime notification of changes for at most n files,
where n is the minimum value between (kern.maxfiles * 0.7) and
(kern.maxfilesperproc - 200). Beyond that limit, files will be polled.

If you often open several large folders with Nautilus, you might want to
increase the kern.maxfiles tunable (you do not need to set
kern.maxfilesperproc, since it is computed at boot time from kern.maxfiles).

The behavior of gamin can be controlled via the various gaminrc files.
See http://www.gnome.org/~veillard/gamin/config.html on how to create
these files.  In particular, if you find gam_server is taking up too much
CPU time polling for changes, something like the following may help
in one of the gaminrc files:

# reduce polling frequency to once per 10 seconds
# for UFS file systems in order to lower CPU load
fsset ufs poll 10
--
===>   NOTICE:

The gamin port currently does not have a maintainer. As a result, it is
more likely to have unresolved issues, not be up-to-date, or even be removed in
the future. To volunteer to maintain this port, please create an issue at:

https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla

More information about port maintainership is available at:

https://docs.freebsd.org/en/articles/contributing/#ports-contributing
=====
Message from samba412-4.12.15_3:

--
How to start: http://wiki.samba.org/index.php/Samba4/HOWTO

* Your configuration is: /usr/local/etc/smb4.conf

* All the relevant databases are under: /var/db/samba4

* All the logs are under: /var/log/samba4

* Provisioning script is: /usr/local/bin/samba-tool

For additional documentation check: http://wiki.samba.org/index.php/Samba4

Bug reports should go to the: https://bugzilla.samba.org/
=====
Message from libbluray-1.3.0_2,1:

--
===>   NOTICE:

The libbluray port currently does not have a maintainer. As a result, it is
more likely to have unresolved issues, not be up-to-date, or even be removed in
the future. To volunteer to maintain this port, please create an issue at:

https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla

More information about port maintainership is available at:

https://docs.freebsd.org/en/articles/contributing/#ports-contributing
=====
Message from alsa-lib-1.2.2_1:

--
===>   NOTICE:

The alsa-lib port currently does not have a maintainer. As a result, it is
more likely to have unresolved issues, not be up-to-date, or even be removed in
the future. To volunteer to maintain this port, please create an issue at:

https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla

More information about port maintainership is available at:

https://docs.freebsd.org/en/articles/contributing/#ports-contributing
=====
Message from ghostscript9-agpl-base-9.55.0_1:

--
This package installs a script named dvipdf that depends on dvips.  If you
want to use this script you need to install print/tex-dvipsk.
=====
Message from webcamd-5.17.1.0:

--
1) webcamd requires the cuse(3) kernel module.
Please load this dependency by doing:

       # kldload cuse

or by adding

       cuse_load="YES"

to your /boot/loader.conf

2) add webcamd_enable="YES"

to your /etc/rc.conf

3) Please restart devd to start webcamd

        # service devd restart

4) Optionally add a user to the "webcamd" group

        # pw groupmod webcamd -m <username>

5) If webcamd still did not start, consult the installed webcamd rc.d
script for more help and instructions on how to start webcamd.
=====
Message from freeglut-3.2.1:

--
Joystick support is untested and it is unknown if it works.

Do not hesitate to contact x11@FreeBSD.org if this causes issues.
=====
Message from gnome-keyring-40.0_2:

--
Gnome-keyring uses pinentry-gnome3 for gpg interactions, please add the
following line to your ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf to enable the pinentry
dialog.

pinentry-program /usr/local/bin/pinentry-gnome3
=====
Message from ibus-1.5.24_1:

--
ibus installation finished. To use ibus, please do the following:

If you are using bash, please add following lines to your $HOME/.bashrc:

export XIM=ibus
export GTK_IM_MODULE=ibus
export QT_IM_MODULE=ibus
export XMODIFIERS=@im=ibus
export XIM_PROGRAM="ibus-daemon"
export XIM_ARGS="--daemonize --xim"

If you are using tcsh, please add following lines to your $HOME/.cshrc:

setenv XIM ibus
setenv GTK_IM_MODULE ibus
setenv QT_IM_MODULE ibus
setenv XMODIFIERS @im=ibus
setenv XIM_PROGRAM ibus-daemon
setenv XIM_ARGS "--daemonize --xim"

If you are using KDE4, you may create a shell script in $HOME/.kde4/env
($HOME/.config/plasma-workspace/env for Plasma) and add following lines:

#!/bin/sh
export XIM=ibus
export GTK_IM_MODULE=ibus
export QT_IM_MODULE=ibus
export XMODIFIERS=@im=ibus
export XIM_PROGRAM="ibus-daemon"
export XIM_ARGS="--daemonize --xim"

Following input methods/engines are available in ports:

chinese/ibus-chewing            Chewing engine for IBus
chinese/ibus-libpinyin          Intelligent Pinyin engine based on libpinyin
chinese/ibus-pinyin             The PinYin input method
japanese/ibus-anthy             Anthy engine for IBus
japanese/ibus-mozc              Mozc engine for IBus
japanese/ibus-skk               SKK engine for IBus
korean/ibus-hangul              Hangul engine for IBus
textproc/ibus-kmfl              KMFL IMEngine for IBus framework
textproc/ibus-m17n              m17n IM engine for IBus framework
textproc/ibus-table             Table based IM framework for IBus
textproc/ibus-typing-booster    Faster typing by context sensitive completion

If ibus cannot start or the panel does not appear, please ensure
that you are using up-to-date python.
=====
Message from libgtop-2.40.0:

--
In order to use the File System read/write monitor, you must chmod
/dev/devstat so that all users can open it read-only.  For example:

# chmod 0444 /dev/devstat

In order for this to persist across reboots, add the following to
/etc/devfs.conf:

perm    devstat 0444
=====
Message from libiptcdata-1.0.4_2:

--
===>   NOTICE:

The libiptcdata port currently does not have a maintainer. As a result, it is
more likely to have unresolved issues, not be up-to-date, or even be removed in
the future. To volunteer to maintain this port, please create an issue at:

https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla

More information about port maintainership is available at:

https://docs.freebsd.org/en/articles/contributing/#ports-contributing
=====
Message from gdm-42.0_1:

--
GDM is installed.

Do _NOT_ use /etc/ttys to start gdm at boot time.  This will result in gdm
hanging or restarting constantly. Instead, add gdm_enable="YES" to
/etc/rc.conf. GDM will be started automatic on the next reboot.
=====
Message from cheese-41.1:

--
For cheese to work, webcamd needs to be running and the user which wants
to run cheese needs to be added to the webcamd group.

This can be done by:

# pw groupmod webcamd -m jerry
=====
Message from gnuchess-6.2.9:

--
===>   NOTICE:

The gnuchess port currently does not have a maintainer. As a result, it is
more likely to have unresolved issues, not be up-to-date, or even be removed in
the future. To volunteer to maintain this port, please create an issue at:

https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla

More information about port maintainership is available at:

https://docs.freebsd.org/en/articles/contributing/#ports-contributing
=====
Message from gnome-shell-41.4_3:

--
Gnome-shell requires acceleration of to work. For this a nvidia card
with the nvidia-driver, or a Intel/ATI KMS enabled card is needed.

For the nvidia users no other changes are needed. For Intel/ATI KMS
driver the user needs to have read/write permissions on
/dev/dri/cardN (usually N=0). If gnome-shell is launched from gdm, the
gdm user also needs this access.

Access can be granted by adding the user(s) to the video group.

% pw groupmod video -m jerry
=====
Message from bitstream-vera-1.10_8:

--
IMPORTANT - READ CAREFULLY: Please read the COPYRIGHT included with these fonts
before using.  The copyright can be found at /usr/local/share/fonts/bitstream-vera/COPYRIGHT.TXT.  To
use these fonts, follow the instructions below.

Make sure that the freetype module is loaded.  If it is not, add the following
line to the "Modules" section of your X Windows configuration file:

        Load "freetype"

Add the following line to the "Files" section of X Windows configuration file:

        FontPath "/usr/local/share/fonts/bitstream-vera/"

Note: your X Windows configuration file is typically /etc/X11/xorg.conf
=====
Message from gnome-41:

--
Congratulations!  GNOME has been successfully installed on your system.
For help on starting it up, as well as answers to common questions, and
some known issues, please see the FreeBSD GNOME homepage at:

                       http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome/